6th Edition of World Nursing Science Conference 2026

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D is significant for bone metabolism besides its immunomodulatory effects, and its deficiency is a universal health problem. Adequate vitamin D intake and maintaining optimum serum levels of vitamin D are crucial not solely for bone, phosphate, and calcium metabolism but also for overall health and well-being. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease resulting in the progressive destruction of the tooth-supporting structures and is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the association between vitamin D concentration and periodontitis.

Method and materials: Forty patients with periodontitis and 40 periodontally healthy subjects participated in the study. Periodontal clinical indexes (plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level) were measured. All patients were tested for serum vitamin D concentration (25(OH)D), parathyroid hormone, and serum bone-related biomarkers (alkaline phosphatases, calcium, and phosphorus) that are regulated by vitamin D.

Results: Periodontally healthy subjects had higher serum 25(OH)D concentration (31.24 ± 4.2 ng/ml) than patients with periodontitis (16.4 ± 4.4 ng/ml) (p <0.05). After adjustment for age and gender, the associations remained significant (p <0.05). Vitamin D and calcium levels were inversely correlated with probing pocket depth and clinical attachment loss. No significant differences were observed among the other bone-related biomarkers between the groups (p>0.05).

Conclusion: This study's results suggest that vitamin D deficiency may be a potential risk factor for periodontitis and may contribute to its severity. Considering the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and periodontitis, screening patients' vitamin D status routinely is requisite.